쿼리로 충분히 가능합니다.

그나마 패턴이 2개인 경우가 제일 심플해보여서

해당건 토대로 쿼리 작성해봤네요.

2개 이상인 경우는..문자열을 결합후 분석하는 형태로 하시면 될듯하네요.

하기쿼리 참고하세요.

---쿼리시작---

Declare @as_from_gubn char(1) = '0'
       ,@as_to_gubn   char(1) = '1'
;with tblA(idx,datetime,result) As
(
      Select 1,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','0' Union All
      Select 2,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','1' Union All
      Select 3,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','1' Union All
      Select 4,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','1' Union All
      Select 5,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','0' Union All
      Select 6,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','1' Union All
      Select 7,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','0'
)
,tblB(idx,datetime,result,grp) As
(
      Select a.*
            ,a.idx
        From tblA a
       Where a.result = @as_from_gubn
         And Exists (
                        Select 'x'
                          From tblA b
                         Where b.result = @as_to_gubn
                           And b.idx = a.idx + 1
                    )
      
   Union All   

      Select b.*
            ,a.idx
        From tblB a
                    Inner Join tblA b
                                      On a.idx = b.idx -1
                                     And a.result = @as_from_gubn
       Where b.result = @as_to_gubn
)
,tblC(idx,datetime,result,grp) As
(
      Select a.*
        From tblB a

   Union All       

      Select c.idx
            ,c.datetime
            ,c.result
            ,a.grp
        From tblB a
                    Inner Join
                               tblA c
                                      On a.idx = c.idx - 1
       Where a.idx = (
                         Select MAX(b.idx)
                           From tblB b
                          Where b.grp = a.grp                         
                     )                           
)
      Select a.*
        From tblC a
    Order By a.idx Asc
---쿼리끝---       

동적 sql 로 pattern 길이 상관없이 처리하는 SQL 입니다.

---쿼리시작---

Declare @as_pattern varchar(10) = '01'
Declare @ll_cnt Decimal(18,0)
Declare @sql varchar(max)
Declare @i decimal(18,0)

Set @ll_cnt = LEN(@as_pattern)

--Select @as_pattern

--Drop Table #t1
Create Table #t1
(
     idx       decimal(18,0) null
    ,datetime  varchar(23  ) null
    ,result    char(1)       null
)

--Drop Table #t2
Create Table #t2
(
     idx       decimal(18,0) null
    ,datetime  varchar(23  ) null
    ,result    char(1)       null
   -- ,grp       decimal(18,0) null
)

      Insert
        Into #t1      
      Select 1,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','0' Union All
      Select 2,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','1' Union All
      Select 3,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','1' Union All
      Select 4,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','1' Union All
      Select 5,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','0' Union All
      Select 6,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','1' Union All
      Select 7,'2015-01-01 00:00:00.000','0'

Set @sql = ' Select a.idx
                   ,a.datetime
                   ,a.result
               From #t1 a
           '
Set @i = 1             
While @i < @ll_cnt
   Begin
      Set @i = @i + 1
        Begin
            Set @sql = @sql + ' Inner Join #t1 ' + CHAR(97 + @i) + ' On a.idx = ' + CHAR(97 + @i) + '.idx -' + Convert(varchar(max),@i - 1) + ' And ' + CHAR(97 + @i) + '.result = ''' + SUBSTRING(@as_pattern,@i,1) + ''''
        End
   End           
Set @sql = @sql + ' Where a.result = ''' + SUBSTRING(@as_pattern,1,1) + ''''

--Select @sql --동적 쿼리로 생성된 전체 쿼리 조회하려면 주석 제거 필요

Insert
  Into #t2
Exec ( @sql )

Select b.*
  From #t2 a
             Inner Join #t1 b
                              On b.idx Between a.idx And a.idx + @ll_cnt
---쿼리끝---